Maryland Group Votes To Remove Civil War Plaque From Rockvilles divisions over slavery and the war can serve as an illustration of the divisions in Maryland and the United States as a whole. Confederate Prisoners of War Most Marylanders fought for the Union, but after the war a number of memorials were erected in sympathy with the Lost Cause of the Confederacy, including in Baltimore a Confederate Women's Monument, and a Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument. that "the 23rd was made up of men mostly from Washington and Baltimore" though the regiment was credited to the state of Virginia. In June 1863 General Lee's army again advanced north into Maryland, taking the war into Union territory for the second time. They resemble, in many respects, patients laboring under cretinism. Jubal Earlys Attack on WashingtonSpeaker: James H. Johnston. WebCivil War Campsites in Maryland C&O Canal Campgrounds. 62-65. Harpers Ferry is not occupied by either side again until February 1862. Based on a letter that Dora, an ardent abolitionist, wrote to her mother describing her trials as rebel general J.E.B. Point Lookout Abolition of slavery in Maryland came before the end of the war, with a new third constitution voted approval in 1864 by a small majority of Radical Republican Unionists then controlling the nominally Democratic state. Was he right, or was he just telling another tall soldiers tale? Coming Soon!! The 1860 Federal Census[7] showed there were nearly as many free blacks (83,942) as slaves (87,189) in Maryland, although the latter were much more dominant in southern counties. The city was in panic. Belle Isle operated from 1862 to 1865. In March 1862, the Maryland Assembly passed a series of resolutions, stating that: This war is prosecuted by the Nation with but one object, that, namely, of a restoration of the Union just as it was when the rebellion broke out. WebMaryland in the American Civil War. They were filthy in the extreme, covered in verminnearly all were extremely emaciated; so much so that they had to be cared for even like infants.". Visitors marvel at the courage of Stuart and his men to cross the mile-wide river, filled with rocks, rapids, and whirlpools. The presentation shows the work by blacks and white alike to aid and save enslaved people. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. At its peak, over 20,000 Confederate soldiers occupied Point Lookout at any given time, more than double its intended occupancy. World War II was raging 3,000 miles away. False history marginalizes African Americans and makes us all dumber", Point Lookout History, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, "TimesMachine April 15, 1865 - New York Times", "Lee-Jackson Memorial" Smithsonian Art Inventories Catalog, "Confederate monuments taken down in Baltimore overnight", www.waymarking.com Rockville Civil War Monument - Rockville, Maryland, "As Confederate symbols come down, 'Talbot Boys' endures", National Park Service map of Civil War sites in Maryland, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic, Confederate artworks in the United States Capitol, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials. WebThe Battle of Monocacy (also known as Monocacy Junction) was fought on July 9, 1864, about 6 miles (9.7 km) from Frederick, Maryland, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 during the American Civil War. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. [68] Quartermaster John Howard recalled that Steuart performed "seventeen double somersaults" all the while whistling Maryland, My Maryland. The story of Rockvilles Dora Higgins and her experiences during the Civil War. WebColonial Wars Pequot War French & Iroquois Wars King Philip's War Pueblo Rebellion King William's War Queen Anne's War Tuscarora War Dummer's War King George's War French & Indian War Pontiac's Rebellion Lord Dunmore's War American Wars Revolutionary War Tripolitan War Tecumseh's War War of 1812 Creek Indian War The First Seminole War WebThe Southern Maryland Civil War Round Table is pleased to announce that its next [14] In a letter to President Lincoln, Mayor Brown wrote: It is my solemn duty to inform you that it is not possible for more soldiers to pass through Baltimore unless they fight their way at every step. WebOver the nine years (1933 - 1942) the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) operated in Maryland , there was an average of twenty-one CCC Camps in the state and any given time, with 15 of these camps sponsored by the State Board of Forestry and located in State Forests and State Parks. Civil War camps on the "EASTERN SHORE" of MARYLAND. WebSeal of Maryland during the war. WebDuring the turbulent weeks following Baltimores civilian clash with federal troops along [75] Those voting at their usual polling places were opposed to the Constitution by 29,536 to 27,541. [44], Although Maryland stayed as part of the Union and more Marylanders fought for the Union than for the Confederacy, Marylanders sympathetic to the secession easily crossed the Potomac River into secessionist Virginia in order to join and fight for the Confederacy. Maryland businessmen feared the likely loss of trade that would be caused by war and the strong possibility of a blockade of Baltimore's port by the Union Navy. My father was the neighborhood air raid warden. The document, which replaced the Maryland Constitution of 1851, was largely advocated by Unionists who had secured control of the state, and was framed by a Convention which met at Annapolis in April 1864. Life in a CCC Camp Hatboro, PA: Tradition Press, Whitman H. Ridgway. To serve as early warning stations on bluffs overlooking the Potomac, Union troops built a series of blockhouses. Plumbs newest book,The Better Angels, will be published by Potomac Books, an imprint of University of Nebraska Press, in March of 2020. The destruction was accomplished the next day. The Constitution of 1867 overturned the registry test oath embedded in the 1864 constitution. Some, like physician Richard Sprigg Steuart, remained in Maryland, offered covert support for the South, and refused to sign an oath of loyalty to the Union. Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War, Antietam Camp #3. His executive officer was the Marylander George H. Steuart, who would later be known as "Maryland Steuart" to distinguish him from his more famous cavalry colleague J.E.B. camp The Man Who (Almost) Conquered Washington: Gen. John McCauslandSpeaker: James H. Johnston. Randolph McKim, Numerical Strength of the Confederate Army, New York, 1912. Those who voted for Maryland to remain in the Union did not explicitly seek for the emancipation of Maryland's many enslaved people, or indeed those of the Confederacy. After the April 19 rioting, skirmishes continued in Baltimore for the next month. The speaker brings a doctors bag from 1885 containing example medical instruments of the Civil War and the 1800s for show and tell. Captain Henry Wirz, commandant at Andersonville, was executed as a war criminal for not providing adequate supplies and shelter for the prisoners. On May 23, 1862, at the Battle of Front Royal, the 1st Maryland Infantry, CSA was thrown into battle with their fellow Marylanders, the Union 1st Regiment Maryland Volunteer Infantry. Civil War veterans did it differently. "Start-up nation? The battle was part of Early's raid through the Shenandoah Valley and into Maryland, attempting to divert Union forces away from Gen. Robert E. Lee's army under siege at Petersburg, Virginia. camp Confederate casualties were 10,318 with 1,546 dead. Slave wealth and entrepreneurship in Civil War Maryland. No wooden structures were furnished for the prisoners at Belle Isle. He never shows in the day time & is cautious who sees him at any time.[56]. [12] Panicked by the situation, several soldiers fired into the mob, whether "accidentally", "in a desultory manner", or "by the command of the officers" is unclear. camp ", Schearer, Michael. According to one of his aides: "We loved Maryland, we felt that she was in bondage against her will, and we burned with desire to have a part in liberating her". [15] One of the men involved in this destruction would be arrested for it in May without recourse to habeas corpus, leading to the ex parte Merryman ruling. After Atlanta fell to Union forces in September 1864, Confederates forces scrabbled to scatter the 30,000 Union soldiers imprisoned at Andersonville Prison in Macon County, Georgia. Not all those who sympathised with the rebels would abandon their homes and join the Confederacy. WebThe first Union Army "parole camp" for exchanged Northern prisoners of war, was Stuarts men came through Rockville and captured her husband. WebThe Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area is ideally positioned to serve as your "base camp" for driving the popular Civil War Trails and visiting the battlefields and sites of Antietam, Gettysburg, Monocacy, South Mountain, Harpers Ferry, Baltimore and Washington, D.C. Prisoners relied upon their own ingenuity for constructing drafty and largely inadequate shelters consisting of sticks, blankets, and logs. The song's lyrics urged Marylanders to "spurn the Northern scum" and "burst the tyrant's chain" in other words, to secede from the Union. "Through Storm and Sunshine": Valorous Vivandires in the Civil War, Point Lookout State Park and Civil War Museum. Civil War medicine is discussed in relation to medical education of that era and in relation to 19th century medicine before and after the War. A soldier who survived his ordeal in a camp often bore deep psychological scars and physical maladies that may or may not have healed in time. Donate Now, Civil War in Montgomery County and the Region. While the number of Marylanders in Confederate service is often reported as 20-25,000 based on an oral statement of General Cooper to General Trimble, other contemporary reports refute this number and offer more detailed estimates in the range of 3,500 (Livermore)[49] to just under 4,700 (McKim),[50] which latter number should be further reduced given that the 2nd Maryland Infantry raised in 1862 consisted largely of the same men who had served in the 1st Maryland, which mustered out after a year. Maryland in the American Civil War - Wikipedia Throughout the War units WebDuring the Civil War Era, Point Lookout was first a hospital for wounded Union soldiers and then a Civil War prison camp for captured Confederate soldiers. Antietam Camp #3 is part of the Department of the Chesapeake, which includes Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. [18], Responding to pressure, on April 22 Governor Hicks finally announced that the state legislature would meet in a special session in Frederick, a strongly pro-Union town, rather than the state capital of Annapolis. Despite the controversial number Confederates claiming only a few hundred and the Union claiming upwards of 15,000 mortalities the dreadful conditions Federal prisoners faced is unquestionable. In early summer 1864, theUnions prospects for victory in the Civil War brightened when Union General Ulysses Grant besiegedRichmond. Some narration fills in the material and moves events relentlessly to Civil War. Union Army Surgeon Dr. Edward Stonestreet & His Civil War Hospital in RockvilleSpeaker: Clarence Hickey. One prisoner in seven died, for a total of 4,200 deaths by 1865. By the time the Civil War ended, more 52,000 prisoners had passed through Point Lookout, with upwards of 4,000 succumbing to various illnesses brought on by overcrowding, bad sanitation, exposure, and soiled water. The Maryland legislature refused to ratify both the 14th Amendment, which conferred citizenship rights on former slaves, and the 15th Amendment, which gave the vote to African Americans. When the writ was delivered to General Andrew Porter Provost Marshal of the District of Columbia he had both the lawyer delivering the writ and the United States Circuit Judge, Marylander William Matthew Merrick, who issued the writ, arrested to prevent them from proceeding in the case United States ex rel. This represented 25% of the Federal force and 31% of the Confederate. Civil War Sites to Visit - Visit Maryland | VisitMaryland.org Of the Trimble count, McKim states The estimate above alluded to, of 20,000 Marylanders in the Confederate service, rests apparently upon no better basis than an oral statement of General Cooper to General Trimble, in which he said he believed that the muster rolls would show that about 20,000 men in the Confederate army had given the State of Maryland as the place of their nativity. Harris (2011) pp. On September 17, 1861, the first day of the Maryland legislature's new session, fully one third of the members of the Maryland General Assembly were arrested, due to federal concerns that the Assembly "would aid the anticipated rebel invasion and would attempt to take the state out of the Union. Camp Hoffman (1 If they were lucky, several men could be crammed into thin canvas tents, but most were forced to construct their own drafty shelters. They remembered themselves in monuments through their generals. WebBetween 1861 and 1865, American Civil War prison camps were operated by the Union While some historians contend that the deaths were chiefly the result of deliberate action/inaction on the part of Captain Wirz, others posit that they were the result of disease promoted by severe overcrowding. [75] The Marylanders serving in the Union Army were overwhelmingly in favor of the new Constitution, supporting ratification by a margin of 2,633 to 263.[75]. One smallpox outbreak claimed the lives over 300 men during the winter of 1862 alone. However, a number of leading citizens, including physician and slaveholder Richard Sprigg Steuart, placed considerable pressure on Governor Hicks to summon the state Legislature to vote on secession, following Hicks to Annapolis with a number of fellow citizens: to insist on his [Hicks] issuing his proclamation for the Legislature to convene, believing that this body (and not himself and his party) should decide the fate of our stateif the Governor and his party continued to refuse this demand that it would be necessary to depose him. In September 1863, Rebel prisoners totaled 4,000 men. The very nomination of Abraham Lincoln, four years ago, spoke plainly war upon Southern rights and institutions And looking upon African Slavery from the same stand-point held by the noble framers of our constitution, I for one, have ever considered it one of the greatest blessings (both for themselves and us,) that God has ever bestowed upon a favored nation I have also studied hard to discover upon what grounds the right of a State to secede has been denied, when our very name, United States, and the Declaration of Independence, both provide for secession.[80]. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Most prisoners had already been imprisoned in Andersonville. Salisbury University, 1991). During the American Civil War (18611865), [55] Later in 1861, Baltimore resident W W Glenn described Steuart as a fugitive from the authorities: I was spending the evening out when a footstep approached my chair from behind and a hand was laid upon me. or "The South shall be free!" [46], Maryland Exiles, including Arnold Elzey and brigadier general George H. Steuart, would organize a "Maryland Line" in the Army of Northern Virginia which eventually consisted of one infantry regiment, one infantry battalion, two cavalry battalions and four battalions of artillery. Merrick's fellow judges took up the case and ordered General Porter to appear before them, but Lincoln's Secretary of State Seward prevented the federal marshal from delivering the court order. POW Camps in Maryland Even though antebellum prison buildings provided some protection from the elements, blistering summers and brutal winters weakened the immune systems of the already malnourished and shabbily clothed Rebel prisoners. Early defeated Union forces under Maj. Gen. Lew Wallace.The battle was part of Early's raid through the Communicable diseases such as smallpox and rubella swept through Alton Prison like wild fire, killing hundreds. August 17 Union troops withdraw from the town to the Maryland shore. [3] In all nine newspapers were shut down in Maryland by the federal government, and a dozen newspaper owners and editors like Howard were imprisoned without charges.[3]. On the night of June 27, 1863, Confederate General J.E.B. The 120 or so Union soldiers interned there were fed meager yet adequate rations, sanitation was passable, shielding from the elements was provided, and the prisoners were even allowed to play recreational games such as baseball. Because of this previous imprisonment, they were weaker and more susceptible to the harsh conditions and communicable diseases that flourished at Florence Stockade. In some instances, however, simple error and ignorance devolved into treachery and malicious intent, culminating in tragic losses of human life. [40], In another controversial arrest that fall, and in further defiance of Chief Justice Taney's ruling, a sitting U.S. He was in charge of a temporary Army General Hospital in Rockville, treating the wounded after the Battle of Antietam (1862), and also treated the ill soldiers of the 6th Michigan Cavalry Regiment in Rockville (1863) prior to its heroic efforts during the Battle of Gettysburg. [66], Lee's setback at the Battle of Antietam can also be seen as a turning point in that it may have dissuaded the governments of France and Great Britain from recognizing the Confederacy, doubting the South's ability to maintain and win the war.[67]. Maryland Civil War [76] Other witnesses including Booth himself claimed that he only yelled "Sic semper! Because our textbooks and monuments are wrong. George P. McClelland served with the 155th Pennsylvania Infantry, Army of the Potomac, from August 1862 to his discharge in June 1865. [8] Other residents, and a majority of the legislature, wished to remain in the Union, but did not want to be involved in a war against their southern neighbors, and sought to prevent a military response by Lincoln to the South's secession. Lincoln ignored the ruling of Chief Justice Roger B. Taney in "Ex parte Merryman" decision in 1861 concerning freeing John Merryman, a prominent Southern sympathizer arrested by the military. [84] Easton, Maryland also has a Confederate monument. Camp Washington (4) - A Union U.S. Civil War Camp in Kentucky (1861). WebDuring the Civil War, Baltimore had 44 forts, batteries, redoubts, and armed camps, and about 20 unarmed camps (hospitals, POW, etc.) Also known as Point Lookout Camp and Lookout Point Camp . One feature of the new constitution was a highly restrictive oath of allegiance which was designed to reduce the influence of Southern sympathizers, and to prevent such individuals from holding public office of any kind. [86], The legacies of the debate over Lincoln's heavy-handed actions that were meant to keep Maryland within the union include measures such as arresting one third of the Maryland General Assembly, which was controversially ruled unconstitutional at the time by Maryland native Justice Roger Taney, and in the lyrics of the former Maryland state song, Maryland, My Maryland, which referred to Lincoln as a "despot," a "vandal," and, a "tyrant.". [51], A similar situation existed in relation to Marylanders serving in the United States Colored Troops. This is a PowerPoint lecture. Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! This presentation, based on the speakers 2009 book Send for the Doctor, is available as a first person portrayal of Dr. Stonestreet or as a PowerPoint slide show. WebJuly 4 First civilian death occurs in Harpers Ferry when businessman Frederick Roeder is shot by a Union soldier on Maryland Heights. "[77][78] Some didn't recall hearing Booth shout anything in Latin. Civil War Anxious about the risk of secessionists capturing Washington, D.C., given that the capital was bordered by Virginia, and preparing for war with the South, the federal government requested armed volunteers to suppress "unlawful combinations" in the South. Dr. Edward Stonestreet of Rockville served as Montgomery County Examining Surgeon in 1862, performing physical examinations on local Union Army recruits and draftees. [43] The provisions of May's bill were included in the March 1863 Habeas Corpus Act, in which Congress finally authorized Lincoln to suspend habeas corpus, but required actual indictments for suspected traitors. Suitable for adults and young adults. [62] However, McClellan waited about 18 hours before deciding to take advantage of this intelligence and position his forces based on it, thus endangering a golden opportunity to defeat Lee decisively.