https://www.tradeshouselibrary.org/uploads/4/7/7/2/47723681/a_list_of_persons_concerned_in_the_rebellion_transmitted_to_the_commissioners_of_excise_by_the_several_supervisors_in_scotland_in_obedience_to_a_general_letter_of_the_7th_may_1746_~_1890.pdf. Adam, Frank; Innes of Learney (1970), p. 136. Crest: B) A lion's paw erased holding a scimitar Proper By GHD Clan Tours. Meantime, whoever was with us on that day, thank you, this is all so wonderful to read my dad was born in tayport scotland i did visit there 13 yrs ago i love scotland. "], Motto: A HOME. Entering the battlefield, on your right you'll find the 18th-century Leanach Cottage. [225] [from Scottish Gaelic: "To conquer or die"]. To this, he famously replied, "I am come home, sir." [9], Motto: PERIISSEM NI PERIISSEM. Culloden Moor, General view of gravestone inscribed 'Clan Stewart of Appin.'. Badge: juniper[36], Motto: A FIN. A Scottish clan member's crest badge is made up of a heraldic crest, encircled by a strap and buckle which contains a heraldic motto. Culloden Moor, Jacobite memorial cairn, general view including clan markers. Badge: blue harebell[281], Motto: SUPER SIDERA VOTUM. This colonial attitude involved abolishing the of some of the worst clans. [142], Motto: SPERO PROCEDERE ["I hope to prosper"], Motto: CURSUM PERFICIO. [289] The Jacobite dead from the battle were separated by clan and buried in large mass graves on the battlefield. 0000003105 00000 n [214] [from Scottish Gaelic: "Hill of Fire"], Motto: VIRTUE MINE HONOUR. Badge: holly[36], Motto: PER ARDUA. [205], Motto: ADENTES FORTUNA JUVAT. . General view. General view Cameron (and one on far end of mound). Without it, we would most likely have wandered aimlessly for hours. Having returned from their abortive night march, the Prince arranged his forces in three lines on the west side of the moor. Club moss has also been attributed to the Macraes, who were the Mackenzie's "shirt of mail". Neighbour T 1995, 'Culloden Battlefield (Inverness and Bona; Daviot and Dunlichty parishes), geophysical surveys', DISCOVERY EXCAV SCOT 39. At the Battle of Culloden in 1746, the British artillery which fired grapeshot at the advancing Jacobites was Captain Cunningham's Company, although . Badge: furze (whin) or white clover[36], Motto: VIRTUTIS REGIA MERCES. Badge: cotton grass[36], Motto: DOMINUS DEDIT. Arriving at Moy Hall, Lady Anne famously greeted her husband with the words "Your servant, Captain," to which he replied, "Your servant, Colonel," cementing her nickname in history. The Clan was also present at the Battle of Culloden in 1746 where the Jacobite army met defeat. Many of these stones have words engraved on them, but its no longer legible unfortunately. The forces of Prince Charles Edward Stuart, attempting to reclaim the throne for his family, met a British army led by the Duke of Cumberland, son of the Hanoverian King George II. Operating on her own, his wife, Lady Anne Farquharson-MacKintosh, raised the clan and confederation in support of the Stuart cause. [163] ["I shall stand"]. In 1983/4 a gravel path had been created across the scheduled site, passing from the Well of the Dead, across the clan graves area and on to the Campbell Stone. [63] This approach failed and was met by determined musket fire from St. Clair's and Pulteney's regiments. We make recommendations to the Scottish Government about historic marine protected areas, and the Scottish Ministers decide whether to designate. [223] 242, 30, Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. [38] [from Latin: "Not having followed mean pursuits"]. The monument comprises the Graves of the Clans, the Memorial Cairn and the Well of the Dead, all on the Culloden battlefield. The following is a list of Scottish clans with and without chiefs. The monument is recorded by the RCAHMS as Culloden Moor, The Graves of the Clans NH74NW 17.03, Culloden Moor, Well of the Dead NH74NW 20 and Culloden Moor, Battlefield NH74NW 17.00. This is such a special place. [57] As their ancestral home, the Isle of Skye is packed full of key clan sites. [41] [from Scottish Gaelic: "Unite"]. %PDF-1.4 % https://www.thoughtco.com/forty-five-the-battle-of-culloden-4063149 (accessed March 4, 2023). The Clanship system was a more than important component of Gaelic culture, [1] which is why the English hat to 'punish the clan' [2] immediately after the Battle of Culloden. [262] ["Without stain"]. Badge: ivy[36], Motto: NE OUBLIE. Necessary cookies enable core functionality on our website. The split loyalties of the clan would continue into the 18th century and the Jacobite risings of both 1715 and 1745, when members of Clan Gordon fought on opposing sides at the Battles of Inverurie, Falkirk and Culloden. Badge: broom[36], Motto: AT SPES INFRACTA. Courtesy of HES (George Washington Wilson), (Area NH 74254499) Grave (NAT) - (site not clear), b Grave of the MacGillivrays, Macleans, Maclachlans and Atholl Highlanders (one), Grave (NAT) (Immediately N of Graves of the Campbells), Grave (NAT) (60m SW of Graves of the Campbells), OS 6"map, Inverness-shire, 2nd ed., (1906). While the Prince's army waited on the battlefield, the Duke of Cumberland's was celebrating his twenty-fifth birthday in camp at Nairn. ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/forty-five-the-battle-of-culloden-4063149. Please Login or Register now. Help protect our treasured places - now and for future generations, The National Trust for Scotland is a charity registered in Scotland, Charity Number SC 007410, Registered address: Hermiston Quay, 5 Cultins Road, Edinburgh, EH11 4DF. Badge: yew[36], Motto: FIDE ET FORTITUDINE. We hope to hear more soon and will continue our research. per adult (price varies by group size) Check availability. [120] ["Do not forget"]. Crazy paving inserted in the 1960s or 1970s used to front each of the grave markers on the S side of the old road. Alerted to the Prince's presence, Lord Loudon, the government commander in Inverness, dispatched troops in an attempt to seize him that night. Badge: furze[36], Motto: HOLD FAST. A succinct overview of Clan Campbell's history, plus information on their tartan traditions and clan crest, for those curious about Scottish heritage. [305], Motto: SI DEUS QUIS CONTRA. Scotland Clan Map: the Clan Gordon Territories Erected 1881 by Duncan Forbes. [68] [from Latin: "Live for God and you shall have life"]. [58] [from Latin: "I am fierce with the fierce"]. [179] We won't set optional cookies unless you enable them or accept our recommended settings. A few flagstones were left in situ but will be removed once the grave marker has been set upright again. [288] [from French: "Fortune passes over everywhere"]. [60] ["By valour and exertion"]. Scotlands Jacobite Rebellion: Key Dates and Figures, Profile of Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, American Civil War: Battle of Chickamauga, The Battle of Gaugamela During the Wars of Alexander the Great, Biography of Charles Martel, Frankish Military Leader and Ruler, American Civil War: General Braxton Bragg, The Battle of Atlanta in the American Civil War, French & Indian War: Field Marshal Jeffery Amherst, M.S., Information and Library Science, Drexel University, B.A., History and Political Science, Pennsylvania State University. [239] [from French: "Thinks more"]. [18] [from Latin: "The Lord has done this"]. [22], Motto: PRO PATRIA. [292]["Virtue without stain"]. [23] [from Latin: "Neither fast nor slow"]. Denison S 1996, NEWS, Britsh Archaeology, 4. 6. While Jacobite casualties at Culloden are estimated at around 1,000 killed and wounded, many more died during later as Cumberland's men combed the region. [210] Copyright and database right 2023. Would you be able to give me some rough directions to this? Is there any definitive list of the soldiers who fought in the battle of Culloden? [5] [from Latin: "He seeks high deeds"]. Commemorative Stone(S) (Period Unassigned). The Battle of Culloden, 1746: the last stand of the clan system and its warrior tradition. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Prince Charles Edward Stuart lived another forty-two years, dying in Rome in 1788. To establish the exact line of the old road the probable line was surveyed onto the ground from details given on the 1:2500 OS map. The leaders of the Chattan Confederation, Clan MacKintosh fought in the center of the Jacobite line and suffered heavily in the fighting. scheduled monument which has been identified by the description and map. We'd also like to set optional analytics cookies to help us improve it. Although hes a man of logic and wasnt quite sure what logic to apply to what I was doing, after many incidents that he cant explain, hes come to know that there is something much greater than us out there He trusted what was unfolding without question. [185] Motto: IMPERAT AEQUOR ["He rules the sea"], Motto: TEAGHLACH PHABBAY. Learn the history of this lush region from your guide and spend two nights in Inverness. [146] [from Latin: "I accomplish the hunt"]. Crest is: Anderson (1862), p. 739. How many Scots died at the Battle of. Though the decision had been made, the order to charge was delayed in reaching the troops as the messenger, young Lachlan MacLachlan, was killed by a cannonball. The battlefield is open to visitors and features a large museum with interactive exhibits, a restaurant, and a viewing platform. The Culloden Moor Memorial Cairn is listed as a Category-A Listed Building. [195] That is the remains of the York family burial ground, there also used to be a mausoleum there which is what the large blocks are. Just around the corner on this mound of earth was more undergrowth to work through, where we found these Many of these stones have words engraved on them, but it's no longer legible unfortunately. Among those clans who fought with the Prince at Culloden were: Cameron, Chisholm, Drummond, Farquharson, Ferguson, Fraser, Gordon, Grant, Innes, MacDonald, MacDonell, MacGillvray, MacGregor, MacInnes, MacIntyre, Mackenzie, MacKinnon, MacKintosh, MacLachlan, MacLeod or Raasay, MacPherson, Menzies, Murray, Ogilvy, Robertson, and Stewart of Appin. In the meantime, the Prince's forces were being pursued by a government army led by the Duke of Cumberland, the second son of King George II. [254] [from French: "Watch well"]. King James VII of Scotland was supported by the Jacobites. [27], Seat: Towie Barclay Castle, Aberdeenshire, Motto: FULGET VIRTUS INTAMINATA ["Virtue shines unstained"], Motto: DE BONNAIRE. I love that he does that. The event soon became known as the "Rout of Moy.". [9], On the other side the agricultural improvements and economic benefits deriving from the clearances of clan lands were welcomed by Highland elites and Lowland politicians. Badge: common heath[36] or White Heather, Motto: NUNQUAM OBLIVISCAR. Hickman, Kennedy. Badge: hazel,[36] or dogberry[64], Motto: OUBLIER NE PUIS. [328] [from Latin: "Nothing truer than truth"]. Motto: B) DISSIPATE ["Disperse"], Motto: ALL MY HOPE IS IN GOD[110] You can contact us on 0131 668 8914 or at designations@hes.scot. Rather than moving forward in one continuous line, the Highlanders struck at isolated spots along the government front and were repulsed in turn. The cemetery was used in two periods. v3.0, except where otherwise stated, https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/education/prisoners-after-culloden-sp-54-32-41c.mp3, Friends of The National [271][from Latin: "Boldly and readily"]. [90] [from Latin: "Honour crowns virtue"]. [42] [from Latin: "Do not forget"]. Badge: rowan berries[36], Motto: PANS PLUS. Motto: Cuimhnich Bs Ailpein. Sir Patrick Macnaghten of Macnaghten, Bt. The traditional origins of the clan are placed in the 12th century. [136] That should still be pretty interesting to look through. Contents 1Background 2Armies 3Battle 4Aftermath 5Culloden battlefield today 6Order Of Battle 6.1Jacobite Army 6.2Government army 7Notes 8References 1. [326] [From Latin: "Not degenerate"]. Following the battle, a bounty of 30,000 was placed on his head, and he was forced to flee. After paroling the Captain to his wife, the Prince commented that "he could not be in better security, or more honorably treated." Are there clan stones at Culloden? From this base, he oversaw the organized reduction of the Highlands through military looting and burning. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/jacobite-1745/securing-scotland/, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/jacobite-1745/laws-control-scotland/, http://www.visitscotland.com/about/ancestry/clans/. [205] [from Latin: "Endeavour"]. Grave markers of the Clans.Stewart of Appin. Shed been told about them by a historian. Servant of the Laird of Vatersay. After the defeat, the chief of the Ogilvie clan escaped to France and entered royal service there. (2020, August 26). The crest badges used by members of Scottish clans are based upon armorial bearings recorded by the Lord Lyon King of Arms in the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland.The blazon of the heraldic crest is given, and the heraldic motto with its translation into English. Postcard Album: Large green bound album titled 'Postcards', Records of the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, England, Archaeological site card index ('495' cards). 2, 52. [88], Motto: VIRTUTEM CORONAT HONOS. I'm partly interested because I'm scottish-American and partly because I watched Outlander, to be perfectly honest. [14], Seat: Gilnockie Tower, Dumfries and Galloway, Motto: FIDE ET OPERA. [318], Motto: I SAVED THE KING. It said the Fraser Stone along with other. Badge: whitethorn,[36] hawthorn[103] or evergreen alkanet[64], Motto: TOUT POURVOIR. The elements of the monument are 18th and 19th century in date, relating to the battle itself and to commemoration of it. [246] [from Latin: "Heaven at last"]. Badge: great bulrush[36], Motto: SUB SOLE SUB UMBRA VIRENS. [187] [from Scottish Gaelic: "The rock of the raven"]. [30] [from French: "Gracious"]. Badge: juniper or bearberry[36], Motto: VIRTUS SINE MACULA. Location. Our app is your one-stop shop for information on Scotland's iconic historic attractions. Badge: bracken,[36] or fern[64], Motto: JAMAIS ARRIRE. He then landed on the mainland at Glenfinnan on August 19, and raised his father's standard, proclaiming him King James VIII of Scotland and III of England. Efforts to return the Stuarts to the throne began in 1689when Viscount Dundee led a failed revolt against William and Mary. Prentice R 1967, THE NATIONAL TRUST FOR SCOTLAND GUIDE, 151-153. This memorial is listed in this topic list: Wars, Non-US. [208] [from Latin: "Brave and faithful"]. Most of this paving was removed in the mid-1980s but one area had been left in front of one of the Mixed Clans stones. Thanks for sharing! [114][From Latin: "Gentler because of the obstruction"]. It is not always clear who exactly lies in what Graves of the Gallant Highlanders at Culloden Battlefield. The clansman who refused to risk his own life to protect his chief was considered a traitor who abandoned his sire in danger . Clans were generally associated with a geographical area of Scotland, for example, the Armstrong Clan originated in the Borders, the MacGregors in Argyll, and Clan Campbell ruled the roost across much of the Scottish Highlands. [270] [from Latin: "Boldly and strongly"]. Following the battle, Cumberland's troops began to indiscriminately kill the wounded Jacobites, as well as fleeing clansmen and innocent bystanders, frequently mutilating their bodies. [27] [from Latin: "Either to do or die"]. [127] [from Latin: Either peace or war"]. Dumbarton Castle n/a; Captured at Ardo, 15 December 1745, escaped 3 . Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/forty-five-the-battle-of-culloden-4063149. [249] [from Latin: "Brave in difficulty"]. [189], Motto: DEUS JUVAT. Among supporters of the government, he was known as the "Old Pretender.". Badge: common heath[36], Motto: BUAIDH NO BAS. The following month, Captain MacKintosh and several of his men were captured outside of Inverness. The last battle of the "Forty-Five" uprising, the Battle of Culloden, was the climactic engagement between the Jacobite army of Charles Edward Stuart and the Hanoverian government forces of King George II. The stone marks where fell Picture: Jane Barlow By one o'clock, the Jacobite soldiers are beginning to retreat and Bonnie Prince Charlie - who was 300ft behind the front line - is escorted away. Semphill's men stood their ground and soon the Jacobites were taking fire from three sides. Motto: FLOREAT MAGESTAS ["Let majesty flourish"], Motto: FUIMUS. Culloden Battlefield - Culloden Moor, IV2 5EU . Badge: red whortleberry, bearberry[36] or boxwood[64], Motto: FORTIS ET FIDUS. [111], Motto: LUX IN TENEBRIS ["Light in darkness"], Motto: AB OBICE SUAVIOR. [32] [from Latin: "I trust"]. Badge: pine (Scots fir), or cranberry[36], Motto: TOUCH NOT A CATT BOT A TARGE. (LogOut/ On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Culloden Battlefield is the historic site of the last battle on British soil in 1746. The fighting became so savage in this part of the field, that the clansmen had to climb over the dead and wounded at places like the "Well of the Dead" to get at the enemy. She very kindly explained to me the general vicinity of the woods they were meant to be, and on a sunny blue-skied Sunday in November 2017, Andy and I decided to set out to find them. [91] ["In readiness"]. Culloden Moor, General view of gravestone inscribed 'Clan Stewart of Appin.'. [204] [from Latin: "I shine not burn"]. [242] [215] Badge: common club moss[36], Motto: FURTH FORTUNE AND FILL THE FETTERS. Badge: common heath (Scots heather)[36], Badge: common heath (Scots heather), or white heather[36], Motto: PER MARE PER TERRAS. Female clan chiefs, chieftains, or the wives of clan chiefs normally wear a tartan sash pinned at their left shoulder. $165.28. Stories of the highlanders heroism and courage are legion. The monument is of national importance because of its place in the national consciousness, as the graves and memorials of the Jacobite army at the Battle of Culloden, a critical part of Scottish and British history. Today, hundreds of people visit the battlefield each year to pay their respects to those who lost their lives on that day . [250], Motto: SUR ESPERANCE. [38], Motto: CLARIOR HINC HONOS. Open in App for Details. Age 28 years. We have resources to allow you to find out which clan you may have been part of, and where and if they fought during the Battle of Culloden. Though many of Cumberland's officers disapproved, the killing continued. Archive to be deposited with NTS SMR and RCAHMS. [140] [from Latin: "The Lord has given"]. [316], Motto: VIRTUTE PROMOREO["By virtue I prevail"], Seat: Ruchlaw estate (see Stenton), East Lothian, Motto: IN CRUCE SALUS ["Salvation from the cross"], Motto: IN PROMPTU. Their places of origin were listed, with four MacGillivrays from Dunmaglass, a John MacGillivray from Aberarder, and a couple of Camerons from Dalcrombie, on the other side of Loch Ruthven from the farmstead at Ruthven where Ann hailed from. [109] [From Latin: "A repairer of ruin"]. Who the York family was Im not sure. [3] The Scottish were forbidden to call themselves, being called by others or sign with their Clan name. [7] Throughout the Highland Clearances many Scottish workers had to flee abroad, for they were disappointed of the new conditions of more profitable sheep farming under the English law. Badge: wild whortleberry[36], Motto: PATIENTIA VINCIT ["Patience conquers"], Motto: FEROS FERIO. Embark on a 3-day guided tour of the Scottish Highlands and visit highlights, including Loch Ness and the Isle of Skye. I'm looking for information on 1745 Jacobites transported to the colonies after Culloden. [13] [from Latin: "Praise God"]. [91], Seat: Mochrum Castle, Dumfries and Galloway, Motto: ESSAYEZ. "The assumption of the badge of the cumin plant for the supposed clan, a plant that is only found in the region of, Lord Lyon King of Arms,Volume 1 PageNo 1632, Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, Sir Crispin Agnew of Lochnaw, 11th Baronet, Torquhil Ian Campbell, 13th Duke of Argyll, Merlin Sereld Victor Gilbert Hay, 24th Earl of Erroll, Sir William Murray Jardine of Applegirth, 13th Bt, Robert Alexander Lindsay, 29th Earl of Crawford and 12th Earl of Balcarres. [164] ["Neither spare nor dispose"]. [322] Whatever it was, it felt friendly. [157] To Mr Webster [Minister] In Edinr. [247] First setting foot on Scottish soil on the Isle of Eriskay, Prince Charles was advised by Alexander MacDonald of Boisdale to go home. [citation needed] Many were identified by their clan badge, a plant sprig worn in their bonnet. However, much like clan tartans, Scottish crest badges do not have a long history, and owe much to Victorian era romanticism, and the dress of the Highland Regiments. [13], Seat: Arbuthnott House, Arbuthnott, Aberdeenshire, Motto: INVICTUS MANEO. [149] [From Latin: "Flourishing both in sunshine and in shade"].[149]. Have a great weekend. endstream endobj 137 0 obj <>/Size 123/Type/XRef>>stream 1 Day West Coast Highland Tour from Inverness, Virtual Tour Silent Stories from the Loch, Virtual Tour A Journey through 18th Century Scotland, Virtual Tour At Home with Andy and Diane, Whisky 101 Introduction to Scotch Whisky, Distilleries and Distilling, VIRTUAL TOUR TERMS, CONDITIONS & GUIDELINES, Terms & Conditions and Instructions Virtual Tours, Past Life Regression what it is & booking a session. Aerial view of Culloden Battlefield, Inverness, looking SE. [61], Motto: SI JE PUIS. At Nairn, Cumberland's army broke camp at 5:00 AM and began moving towards Drumossie. Those clansmen who did not answer their chief's call to arms could face a variety of penalties ranging from having their house burned to losing their land. Upon hearing word of this from her mother-in-law, Lady Anne warned the Prince and sent several of her household to watch for the government troops. The exact site of the graves of the government dead is still unknown. I am led to believe that the bodies were removed when building tower road near the burial ground. [178] [from Latin: "In Thee O Lord have I put my trust"]. [201] [176], Motto: DEI DONO SUM QUOD SUM ["By the grace of God I am what I am"], Motto: IN TE DOMINE SPERAVI. Government casualties for the Battle of Culloden were listed as 364 killed and wounded. The chief's family is believed to have moved to, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 00:51. [175] Aerial view of Culloden Battlefield, Inverness, looking SE. [87] Badge: bull rush[64], Motto: HUC TENDIMUS OMNES ["We all strive for this"], Motto: AUDACTER ET STRENUE. On July 16, 1745, the Old Pretender's son, Prince Charles Edward Stuart, popularly known as "Bonnie Prince Charlie," departed France with the goal of retaking Britain for his family. The battlefield is maintained and preserved by the National Trust for Scotland. Badge: laurel[36], Motto: CNOC AINGEIL. Sources listed with information provided by John Willis and Culloden Battlefield and Visitor Centre 2; Duncan. A review of the footpaths across the battlefield resulted in proposals for re-establishing the. [233] [from Latin: "I will overcome envy with God's help"]. On November 1, the Prince began his march south to London, occupying Carlisle, Manchester, and arriving at Derby on December 4. Even if it is a confusion both 'deer's grass' and 'staghorn moss' likely refer to caberfeidh ("deer's antlers") in the Mackenzie chiefly arms. The stone had literally pinpointed the location of the graves to me, and had landed with enough force on my foot to stop me in my tracks and make me look down. Motto: CAVE ADSUM. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence Looking for sources for Scottish people or Soldiers (battle of the Somme) ? [183] [254], a trident Azure. [129] [from Latin: "I stand for the truth"]. It has an extensive bibliography mentioning various lists of names, mainly not online. [190] [from Latin: "To conquer or die"]. . After absorbing artillery fire for between twenty to thirty minutes, Lord George Murray asked the Prince to order a charge. The last to step off and with the farthest to go, they soon found their right flank unsupported as their comrades had charged earlier. The defeat became total when Cumberland's Argyle Militia succeeded in knocking a hole through the dike on the south side of the field. This was met by much more effective fire from the Duke's guns, supervised by the experienced artilleryman Brevet Colonel William Belford. RF2J7NJ40 - The Clan Fraser stone On the Culloden battlefield, the Clan Fraser stone or grave marker that commemorates the Clan's lives lost in the battle on 16th RM CWR8T6 - man wearing traditional scottish dress including clan fraser tartan kilt sporran hose and brogues scotland uk A regiment of Ogilvies also took part in the Battle of Culloden in 1746. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. Back at Culloden, a dark chapter in British history began to play out. Get directions Culloden , Highland , Scotland Coordinates: 57.47752, -4.10002 Cemetery ID: 2696720 Members have Contributed 8 Memorials 63% photographed 0% with gps About these numbers Photos No additional photos. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. As the Prince had sent out several detachments in the days before the battle, his army was reduced to around 5,000 men. Our night in a haunted hotel on the west coast of Scotland. The great emigrations to North America and elsewhere began, and . View Source Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Memorials Region Europe England Essex Thurrock Unitary Authority Tilbury [103], Motto: DULCIUS EX ASPERIS. [66], Motto: TUTUM TE ROBORE REDDAM. [125] Badge: Scottish bluebell[36], Motto: AUT PAX AUT BELLUM.